Busra Theater, one of the main destinations for tourists

Busra Theater, one of the main destinations for tourists

Mosaic in main prayer niche, Jamiʿ an-Nuri (mosque), Homs

Mosaic in main prayer niche, Jamiʿ an-Nuri (mosque), Homs

Khan al-Wazir, main entrance

Khan al-Wazir, main entrance

Scaenae Frons, Theatre of Palmyra

Scaenae Frons, Theatre of Palmyra

A courtyard of a domed house in the village of Shaykh Hilal

A courtyard of a domed house in the village of Shaykh Hilal

Hammam al-Bayyada, the main entrance

Hammam al-Bayyada, the main entrance

Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - the main entrance from the outside

Dar’a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari – the main entrance from the outside

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, main entrance

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, main entrance

Citadel of Aleppo, a view from the main entrance showing the Gate Tower

Citadel of Aleppo, a view from the main entrance showing the Gate Tower

Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, main entrance and minaret

Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, main entrance and minaret

Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, the main entrance

Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, the main entrance

Bimaristan an-Nuri, door puller of main wooden entrance door

Bimaristan an-Nuri, door puller of main wooden entrance door

Khan Qurdbak, main entrance

Khan Qurdbak, main entrance

Khan Qurdbak, main entrance

Khan Qurdbak, main entrance

Bimaristan Arghun, southern facade of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, southern facade of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of side portico of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, view of side portico of main courtyard

Bimaristan Arghun, main courtyard - capital decorated with muqarnas

Bimaristan Arghun, main courtyard – capital decorated with muqarnas

Bimaristan Arghun, westward view of main doorway

Bimaristan Arghun, westward view of main doorway

The main palace of the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid, ar-Raqqa

The main palace of the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid, ar-Raqqa

Reconstruction (drawing) of the missing part of the main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-b_Marking missing stones after partial collapse

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a4_Close-up view of carved ornamental star

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Aleppo, view at street life in Quwwatli street in 1963

Aleppo, view at street life in Quwwatli street in 1963

Destructions in Raqqa city center, 2018

Destructions in Raqqa city center, 2018

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Great Mosque, damage mapping